Understanding MTU and Packet Fragmentation

MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) defines the largest packet size a network segment allows before it needs to be split up.

Why Fragmentation Happens

If a packet is larger than the MTU of a network it's crossing, it gets broken into smaller fragments, reassembled at the destination.

Why It Sometimes Causes Problems

Fragmentation adds overhead and, in some misconfigured network setups, can be blocked entirely, causing large transfers to fail mysteriously while small ones work fine.

Further Reading

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