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Both techniques manage traffic exceeding a defined rate limit, but they handle the excess very differently.
Traffic Shaping
Shaping buffers and delays excess traffic, smoothing it out to fit within the limit over time rather than discarding it outright — traffic arrives slightly later, but arrives.
Traffic Policing
Policing simply drops traffic that exceeds the limit immediately, without buffering — simpler to implement, but can cause more noticeable disruption for the affected traffic.
Which Is Used Where
Shaping is often preferred for traffic sensitive to being dropped, while policing is simpler and used where strict, hard limits matter more than smooth delivery.
