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A network ACL is an ordered set of rules defining exactly which traffic is permitted or denied on a network device, based on criteria like source IP, destination, and port.
How Rules Are Evaluated
ACL rules are typically processed in order, with the first matching rule determining the outcome — rule order matters significantly to the final behavior.
Common Use
Restricting which IP addresses can access a server's administrative interface, or blocking traffic from specific known-malicious ranges, are typical ACL applications.
ACLs vs Firewalls
An ACL is often a simpler, more limited mechanism than a full firewall, though the terms sometimes overlap depending on the specific device or platform being configured.
